He became a popular painter in his lifetime and often received commissions from abroad. In 1463, four thousand houses in the town were destroyed by a catastrophic fire, which the then (approximately) thirteen-year-old Bosch presumably witnessed. 's-Hertogenbosch was a flourishing city in 15th-century Brabant, in the south of the present-day Netherlands, at the time part of the Burgundian Netherlands, and during its lifetime passing through marriage to the Habsburgs. Bosch first appears in the municipal record on 5 April 1474, when he is named along with two brothers and a sister. It is generally assumed that either Bosch's father or one of his uncles taught the artist to paint, but none of their works survive.
1478), acted as artistic adviser to the Illustrious Brotherhood of Our Blessed Lady. Bosch's father, Anthonius van Aken (died c. Jan had five sons, four of whom were also painters. His grandfather Jan van Aken (died 1454) was a painter and is first mentioned in the records in 1430. īosch lived all his life in and near 's-Hertogenbosch, which was located in the Duchy of Brabant.
The drawing shows the artist at an advanced age, probably in his late sixties. 1450 on the basis of a hand-drawn portrait (which may be a self-portrait) made shortly before his death in 1516. Bosch's date of birth has not been determined with certainty. Nothing is known of his personality or his thoughts on the meaning of his art. He left behind no letters or diaries, and what has been identified has been taken from brief references to him in the municipal records of 's-Hertogenbosch, and in the account books of the local order of the Illustrious Brotherhood of Our Blessed Lady.
Little is known of Bosch's life or training. His surname derives from his birthplace, 's-Hertogenbosch ('Duke's forest'), which is commonly called "Den Bosch" ('the forest'). He signed a number of his paintings as Jheronimus Bosch. Hieronymus Bosch was born Jheronimus (or Joen, respectively the Latin and Middle Dutch form of the name "Jerome") van Aken (meaning "from Aachen"). His most acclaimed works consist of a few triptych altarpieces, including The Garden of Earthly Delights. About another half-dozen paintings are confidently attributed to his workshop. Attribution has been especially difficult today only about 25 paintings are confidently given to his hand along with eight drawings. Today, Bosch is seen as a hugely individualistic painter with deep insight into humanity's desires and deepest fears. His pessimistic fantastical style cast a wide influence on northern art of the 16th century, with Pieter Bruegel the Elder being his best-known follower. The roots of his forefathers are in Nijmegen and Aachen (which is visible in his surname: Van Aken). He spent most of it in the town of 's-Hertogenbosch, where he was born in his grandfather's house. Little is known of Bosch's life, though there are some records. Within his lifetime his work was collected in the Netherlands, Austria, and Spain, and widely copied, especially his macabre and nightmarish depictions of hell. His work, generally oil on oak wood, mainly contains fantastic illustrations of religious concepts and narratives. He is one of the most notable representatives of the Early Netherlandish painting school. 1450 – 9 August 1516) was a Dutch/ Netherlandish painter from Brabant. Hieronymus Bosch ( / h aɪ ˈ r ɒ n ɪ m ə s b ɒ ʃ, b ɔː ʃ, b ɔː s/, Dutch: ( listen) born Jheronimus van Aken c.
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